A 26-year-old woman in the clinic today for her annual physical examination. As you take her medical Show more A 26-year-old woman in the clinic today for her annual physical examination.
As you take her medical history it becomes apparent that she is quite concerned about her risk for developing breast cancer. Her mother and a maternal aunt both developed breast cancer in their late 40s. She has heard that genetic testing can be done to see whether she carries breast cancer genes. ***Assuming J.F. is talking about the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes what is the role that these genes have in the genetic mechanisms of breast cancer? (select all that apply) BRCA1 and BRCA2 are tumor suppressor genes. BRCA1 and BRCA2 are tumor promoter genes. BRCA1 and BRCA2 are oncogenes. BRCA1 and BRCA2 are proto-oncogenes. ***If genetic testing reveals that J.F. does carry the BRCA1 gene what does this mean for her risk of developing breast cancer? (select all that apply) Since she has a family history J.F. would have a 50% risk for the development of breast cancer. Since she has a family history J.F. would have a 90% risk for the development of breast cancer. Since she has a family history J.F. would have a higher risk for the development of breast cancer compared to individuals without family history of breast cancer. ***Since there is a test for BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes J.F. has a low risk (less than 20%) for the development of Breast Cancer since the disorder can be treated. What proportion of breast cancer cases can be attributed to inherited forms? (select all that apply) Inherited forms of breast cancer account for about 35% of all breast cancer cases. Inherited forms of breast cancer account for about 50% of all breast cancer cases. Inherited forms of breast cancer account for about 7% of all breast cancer cases. Inherited forms of breast cancer account for about 20% of all breast cancer cases. ***What other cancer/s would J.F. be at risk for given the presence of the BRCA1 gene? (select all that apply) Prostate cancer Ovarian cancer Colorectal cancer Uterine cancer ***What other risk factors should be investigated to evaluate J.F.s risk for breast cancer? (select all that apply) The use of estrogen plus progesterone oral contraceptive pills Increasing age Breast-feeding Onset of menstrual period (menarche) Show less
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